An Economic Analysis of the U.S. Wooden Pallet and Container Industry
18
manufacturing activity. Wholesale and retail trade employment due to this activity is
9,400 persons. Direct value added and labor income are $1.2 billion and $0.7 billion,
respectively.
As in the upstream supplier analysis, downstream
impacts also lead to indirect and induced output,
and their associated employment, value added,
and labor income. These are shown in the second
and third rows of Table 8, with the total of direct,
indirect, and induced at the bottom.
Table 8. Summary of Downstream Analysis
Units Indicated
Figure 7. Downstream Analysis
Units Indicated
Table 9 shows the combined results from the upstream and downstream analysis. Total
output, including both upstream and downstream activity totals $35.1 billion. Total
employment related to wooden pallet and container production is 197,300.
Output
(Billion $)
Employment
(thousand persons)
Value Added
(Billion $)
Labor Income
(Billion $)
Direct 1.9 9.4 1.2 0.7
Indirect 1.0 5.6 0.6 0.4
Induced 1.5 9.4 0.9 0.5
Total 4.4 24.4 2.7 1.5
$1.9
$1.0
$1.5
$0.0
$0.5
$1.0
$1.5
$2.0
Direct Indirect Induced
Output Effects
(Billion $)
9.4
5.6
9.4
0
2
4
6
8
10
Direct Indirect Induced
Employment Effects
(# of Persons)
$1.2
$0.6
$0.9
$0.0
$0.5
$1.0
$1.5
Direct Indirect Induced
Value Added Effects
(Billion $)
$0.7
$0.4
$0.5
$0.0
$0.2
$0.4
$0.6
$0.8
Direct Indirect Induced
Labor Income Effects
(Billion $)
Total downstream effects
generate $4.4 billion in output
and nearly 24,400 jobs.
