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Cradle-to-Grave Life-Cycle Assessment of Wooden Pallet Production in the United States 17 Table 13—Secondary (background) data sources—con. Inputs LCI data process and source Geography Year Data quality assessment Plastic wrapping DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Polyethylene, HDPE, granulate, at plant/kg/RER North America 2017 Technology: very good; process models average North American technology Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: very good; data are representative of North American processes Cardboard packaging DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Corrugated board, mixed fiber, single wall, at plant/RER with US electricity U North America 2017 Technology: good; data are based on European producers and represent average of presently used technology with US electricity Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: fair; data are based on European producers Natural gas DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Natural gas, combusted in industrial equipment NREL/RNA U North America 2017 Technology: very good; process models average North American technology Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: very good; data are representative of North American natural gas production and combustion Natural gas DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Natural gas, combusted in industrial boiler NREL/RNA U North America 2017 Technology: very good; process models average North American technology Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: very good; data are representative of North American natural gas production and combustion Diesel DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Diesel, combusted in industrial equipment NREL/US U North America 2017 Technology: very good; process models average North American technology Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: very good; data are representative of North American diesel production and combustion Gasoline DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Gasoline produced and combusted, at equipment/US U North America 2017 Technology: very good; process models average North American technology Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: very good; data are representative of North American gasoline production and combustion Liquid propane DATASMART (US EI 2.2): Liquefied petroleum gas, combusted in industrial boiler NREL/US U North America 2018 Technology: very good; process models average North American technology Time: very good; data are less than 5 years old Geography: very good; data are representative of North American liquefied petroleum gas production and combustion Woody biomass energy CORRIM database: wood-fired boiler North America 2015 Technology: very good; process represents combustion of woody biomass in an industrial boiler Time: good; data are within 2 years Geography: good, representative of North American wood boilers